09年自考英语(一)课堂笔记(unit24)
Text A saving the rainforests for future generations
本课主要单词
1.rainforest n. 热带雨林
这是一个由名词rain加名词forest构成的复合名词.用rain加名词构成的复合名词,英语中还有不少.如:rainbelt (雨带),rainworm (蚯蚓)等等.
2.economic adj. 经济(上)的,经济学的
economic是economy的形容词形式,economical也是economy的形容词形式,请看下面的例句,注意区别economic和economical.
1)economic:concerned with economics and with the organization of money industry, and trade of a country, region, or social group
economic growth (经济增长) economic prosperity (经济繁荣)
economic decline (经济衰退) economic reform (经济改革)
economic order (经济秩序) economic depression (经济萧条)
economic crisis (经济危机) economic doctrines (经济学说)
2)economical:cheap,careful,efficient
This car is economical to run. (开这辆车费用很省.)
The child is so economical that he saves all his pocket money. (那个孩子很节省,他把零花钱都积攒了起来.)
形容词economic和economical的副词形式都是economically.
This region is unevenly developed economically. (这一地区的经济发展不平衡.)
It is necessary that we should learn to live economically. (我们学会节俭地生活是必要的.)
3.deforestation 砍伐森林
de-是前缀,意思是“除去,分离”.-ation是名词后缀.用de-做前缀的词在英文中也是比较常见的,如:defrost (去冰或霜),dehydrate (脱水),detach (分离,解开)等等.
The deforestation of rainforests will greatly upset ecological systems.(热带雨林植物的毁灭将对生态系统造成严重影响.)
The Amazon Basin is quickly becoming deforested. (亚马逊盆地的植被将被砍伐殆尽.)
4.consequence n. result, effect (结果,后果)
1)The young man would do what he likes regardless of the consequences. (那个年轻人将不顾后果去做他喜欢的事.)
2)They found themselves in a dilemma as a consequence of rapid changes in society. (由于社会的飞速发展他们发现自己处于进退两难的境地.)
3)He is a man of great consequence. (他是一个举足轻重的人.)
4)He will have to take the consequences if he doesn't apologize. (如果他不道歉,一切后果将由他承担.)
consequently adv. therefore,so,as a result (所以,因此)
The rain was heavy and consequently the football match was put off. (雨下得很大,因此足球赛被延期了.)
5.massive adj. extremely large (大而重的;大规模的,大量的)
1)The massive increase in oil prices put the taxi-drivers in a difficult situation.(燃油价格的大幅上升使出租车司机们面临困难.)
2)He saw massive changes in the village when he went there 20 years later. (20年后回到那个村子,他发现那儿的变化很大.)
3)A massive young man in police uniform came in. (一个身着警服身材魁梧的年轻人走了进来.)
6.upset v. mess up;turn over accidentally;(弄乱;打翻);make sb. worried or unhappy (使苦恼)
adj. be unhappy or disappointed, distressed (心烦意乱的,心情不安的)
1)He upset a cup of coffee on the carpet. (他把一杯牛奶打翻在地毯上.)
2)Make sure that he stays where he is. If he comes, he will upset the whole atmosphere. (确保他呆在他该呆的地方.如果他来了会把整个气氛搅乱.)
3)The news upset him. (那消息使他心烦意乱.)
4)She was upset about the rumours. (她为那些谣言感到十分烦恼.)
5)He was upset to learn that his proposal was not discussed at the meeting.(他听说自己的建议没在会议上被讨论而感到沮丧.)
6)They were upset by the poverty they saw in that area. (他们为在那一地区看到的贫困现象而苦恼.)
注意:upset作形容词用,在句子中做表语时,以及upset作动词用时,应该成/Λp′set / ;upset作形容词用,在句子中做定语时,应读成 /′Λpset /.
还应注意,upset做动词用时,其过去式,过去分词与动词的原形相同.
7.ecosystem n. 生态系统
eco是一个词根,意思是“环境(的)”,“生态(的)”:“家庭(的)”,“经济(的)”.如:ecology (生态学),ecocide (生态灭绝),ecoclimate(生态气候);economy (经济),economic (经济学的,经济上的).
8.erosion n. 腐蚀,侵害
erosion是动词erode的名词形式.rod,ros是词根,意思是gnaw (咬).e-是前缀,相当于ex-,意思是out.以rod或ros作词根的词,如:corrode(腐蚀;侵蚀), emerge(出现),evaporize (蒸发),erase (擦去)
1)They decide to plant more trees to prevent soil erosion. (他们决定种更多的树以防土壤受侵蚀.)
2)They protested strongly against erosions of civil rights. (他们强烈抗议对公民权的侵害.)
9.drought n. 干旱季节,旱灾
1)The land is in a state of drought. (土地干旱.)
2)In many parts of China, people are fighting drought. (在中国的许多地区,人们在抗旱.)
请注意区别drought和draught.drought也用作名词,意思是拉,拖,牵引;①被拉的东西,如:That drought was too much for the horse to pull. (那负荷太重了,马拉不动.)
②鲜啤酒,散装啤酒,如:Give him a glass of draught, please. (请给他一杯散装啤酒.)③一饮的量;吸入,如:He drank the wine in one draught. (他一口喝干了那酒.)
10.global adj. 球形的;全球的,世界的;普遍的,总的
global是名词globe的形容词形式,-al是形容词后缀,常用在名词后面构成形容词.如regional (局部的,地区的),emotional (情感的),seasonal (季节的).
1)The earth is a global mass. (地球是一个球形体.)
2)The global economic growth is on the decline this year. (今年总体经济增长呈下降趋势.)
3)A global picture of their progress can be obtained from these marks.(从这些分数中你可以得到他们进步的全貌.)
4)I'll try to give you a global idea of the situation. (我将尽力把形势的总体情况告诉你.)
5)He makes friends with people from every corner of the globe. (他与来自世界各地的人们交朋友.)
11.contribute vt. 贡献;捐助;投稿 vi. 起作用,有助于;捐献;投稿
1)They contributed food and medicine to people in the flooded area. (他们向受淹地区的人们捐助食物和药品.)
2)He didn't contribute any idea
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