11. These aren‘t idle questions .

idle ： of no real worth or purpose 无聊的。

如：

idle rumor无聊的谎言。

12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum ， a place where ideas clash and crash .

a. see …… as …… ： consider …… as ……把……看作……

b. forum ： a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛。

c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语，后面由 where引导的句子是定语从句，修饰 a place.

‘’ ideas chash and crash ‘’意为“各种思想冲撞”。

13. ‘’ The redefinition ， ‘’ Horowitz says ‘’ is a task uniquely performed by the young……‘’

‘’ uniquely performed by the young ‘’ 是过去分词短语，用于修饰前面的‘’a task‘’。

14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration ， ……

a.it is …… who （ that ） 是强调句式。

b.alone ： （ after a noun or pronoun ） only（在名词或代词后面）仅，只。

His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众。

15. ‘’ Rock music ，‘’ he says ‘’ is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force . ‘’

rather than ： instead of 而不是（肯定前者，否定后者。）

比如：

He is a poet rather than a novelist .与其说他是小说家，不如说他是诗人。

这里介绍另一个短语or rather，意为 more exactly更为确切地说“。

如：

late last night ， or rather early this morning昨天深夜，更为确切地说，是今天清晨。

16. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .

a. 句中的it有 the reason的意思， that = be cause .

b. embody ： give a definite form to具体体现

如：

The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊塑像表现了雕像家的感情。

The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新式样体现了许多改进的地方。

17. TV network banned him .

a. network ： a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves （广播，电视）广播网 b. ban ： prohibit ， forbid 禁止。

如：

Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情书刊。

18. Most of the older viewers frowned ， while most of the younger viewers applauded .

a. frown： to wrinkle the forehead ， such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皱眉。

如：听到我说错了答案，他便皱起了眉头。

短语frown on （ upon ）表示“不赞同”。

如：

He frowned upon my plan .他不赞同我的计划。

b. applaud ： to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩；称赞。

如：

The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌。

c. 连接词while在这里表示对照，

再如：

I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书，而我的兄弟则热衷于体育。

19. The Rolling Stones ， arrogant street-fighting men ， demanded revolution .

arrogant ： acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的；妄自尊大的。

如；

He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对他的部下太傲慢了。

20. Feelings ， always a part of any musical statement ， were a major subject .

这里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位语。

21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate .

range ： a number of different things of the same general sort or type （变动的，可供选择的）范围；幅度。

如：

a range of colors to choose from可以选择的一系列颜色；

a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 从5元到50元不等的各种价格。

22. This country element ， Horowitz feels ， helped its audience express an urge to ‘’ get away from it all ， ‘’ ……

urge ： an instincitve drive .冲动。

如：

I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一种去欧洲深造的冲动。

23. ……these rock musicians mirror feelings……

mirror ： reflect 反映。

如：

The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点。

24. …… where it‘s heading ？

head （ for ） ： move toward （朝某一方向）前进。

如：

They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎。